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C: grldr='Start GRUB4DOS' Then copy grldr to C:, and create the GRUB4DOS configuration file at C: menu.lst. Next time you start windows, there is a new option 'Start GRUB4DOS' which can be used to start GRUB for DOS.
This is GNU GRUB, the GRand Unified Bootloader. GRUB is intended to provide important bootloader features that are missing from typical personal computer BIOSes: - provides fully-featured command line and graphical interfaces - recognizes fdisk partitions and BSD disklabels - can dynamically read Linux ext2fs, ReiserFS, JFS and XFS, BSD ufs, MS-DOS FAT16 and FAT32, Minix fs, and VSTa fs.

Create folder C: tftpd32 root menu.lst - the Grub4dos configuration file will be placed in this directory; Open C: tftpd32 tftpd32.exe. Select the Settings button (bottom middle of Tftpd32 window) and copy the settings from figure 1. (below) - Ensuring that the Base Directory is set to the root folder we created earlier (C: tftpd32 root). For example, Windows Safe Mode is a special flag. Here is an example of a GRUB menu booting only Ubuntu. Here's an example of a GRUB menu from a computer with triple boot (SUSE 10.2, Ubuntu 6.10 and Windows XP). This is the actual menu.lst on one of my real machines. Let's try to understand what the entries mean. Only uncommented lines count.

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1Introduction
2Installation
4Disk emulation
5CDROM related subjects

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Introduction

What is GRUB for DOS

GRUB for DOS is an universal boot loader based on GNU GRUB. It can boot off DOS/LINUX, or via Windows boot manager/syslinux/lilo, or from MBR/CD. It also has builtin BIOS disk emulation, ATAPI CDROM driver, etc.

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Difference between GRUB for DOS and GNU GRUB

First of all, GRUB for DOS has a flexible boot loader. Unlike GNU GRUB which relies on three stages of files to boot, GRUB for DOS uses a much better solution. The main function of GRUB is placed in a single file grldr, while the boot loader is placed in another file grldr.mbr, which can be installed to MBR or partition boot sector. At startup, boot code in grldr.mbr will dynamically scan the root directory of every local partition for grldr, and load the first one found. Using this scheme, the location of boot file is no longer fixed, users can move it across partition boundary without causing booting problems.

Secondly, GRUB for DOS can be loaded in multiple ways. GRUB for DOS runtime image comes in two forms. One is grldr, which can be loaded by MBR/partition boot sector and the Windows NT/2000/XP/2003/Vista boot manager. It can also act as the eltorito boot file for bootable CDROM. The other is grub.exe, which is a hybrid executable that can be launched from linux console and DOS prompt.

Thirdly, GRUB for DOS extends the function of GNU GRUB. The most significant enhancement is the map command. In GRUB for DOS, the map command can be used to create virtual harddisks and floppies from image files. These virtual devices can be accessed even after DOS starts.

There are other useful features of GRUB for DOS which are not present in GNU GRUB, such as ATAPI CDROM driver, Chinese support, and so on.

Installation

There are many ways to install GRUB for DOS. Some of them require modifying MBR or partition boot sector, while others require changing system startup configuration files.

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Install GRUB for DOS boot code to MBR

You can use bootlace.com or grubinst.exe to install GRUB for DOS boot code to MBR:

bootlace.com can be used in DOS, Windows 95/98/Me and Linux. Examples:

Install GRUB for DOS boot code to the MBR of first hard drive under DOS, Windows 95/98/Me:

Install GRUB for DOS boot code to the MBR of IDE channel 0, primary drive under Linux:

Install GRUB for DOS boot code to the MBR of hard drive image file aa.dsk:

grubinst.exe can be used in Linux, FreeBSD and Windows NT family OSs (Windows NT/2000/XP/2003/Vista). Examples:

Install GRUB for DOS boot code to the MBR of first hard drive under Windows NT family OSs:

Install GRUB for DOS boot code to the MBR of IDE channel 0, primary drive under Linux/FreeBSD:

You can also use device names:

Install GRUB for DOS boot code to the MBR of hard drive image file aa.dsk:

There are many options you can use with bootlace and grubinst, use the -h option to display help message.

After installing the boot code, you need to copy grldr and menu.lst to the root directory of any FAT16/FAT32/NTFS/EXT2 partition.

Install GRUB for DOS boot code to partition boot sector

You can use grubinst to install GRUB for DOS boot code to partition boot sector. Examples:

Install GRUB for DOS boot code to the first primary partition of the first hard drive:

Install GRUB for DOS boot code to the first primary partition of the hard drive image file aa.dsk:

Just as in GRUB, extended partition starts with (hd0,4).

After installing the boot code, you need to copy grldr and menu.lst to the partition which you install the boot code on.

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Starting GRUB for DOS from DOS

You can use load GRUB for DOS in config.sys using one of the following lines:

grub.exe can also be launched from DOS prompt or batch file such as AUTOEXEC.BAT.

Starting GRUB for DOS from Linux

First, you need to apply the kexec patch to the Linux kernel.

Then, you can use the following commands to launch GRUB for DOS from linux:

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Booting GRUB for DOS via the Windows NT/2000/XP/2003 boot manager

Add the following line at the end of boot.ini (this file is hidden):

Then copy grldr to C:, and create the GRUB4DOS configuration file at C:menu.lst.

Next time you start windows, there is a new option 'Start GRUB4DOS' which can be used to start GRUB for DOS.

Booting GRUB for DOS via the Windows Vista boot manager

Use bcdedit to configure the startup menu:

Then copy grldr.mbr to C:, grldr and menu.lst to the root directory of any FAT16/FAT32/NTFS/EXT2 partition.

Note: previous version of grldr.mbr can also be used in boot.ini of Windows NT/2000/XP/2003. But it doesn't work anymore with the latest version.

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Loading GRUB for DOS using other boot loader

grub.exe can be loaded as a linux kernel.

Load GRUB for DOS using GRUB or another copy of GRUB for DOS, add the following section to menu.lst:

Load GRUB for DOS using syslinux, add the following section to syslinux.cfg:

Booting DOS/Windows 9X/Windows NT startup files

Husqvarna auto tune software download. In GRUB for DOS, you can load the DOS/Windows 9X/Windows NT startup files directly.

DOS, Windows 95/98/Me:

Windows NT/2000/XP/2003:

Windows Vista:

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Disk emulation

In GRUB for DOS, disk emulation is implemented using the 'map' command.

Direct mapping

Here is an example of mapping a image file as virtual floppy, and boot from it:

map --hook is used to make the mapping created by first map command take effect immediately.

Here is an example of booting from the virtual hard disk:

Map the image file as virtual hard disk, but boot from the original disk:

CDROM emulation is not implemented.

In direct mapping, the image file must be contiguous.

The virtual disk is implemented using INT 13. Therefore, it can be accessed in system that still uses INT 13, such as all kinds of DOS and Windows 9X (compatible mode disk access), and it can't be accessed in system that usesprotected mode drivers, such as Linux, FreeBSD and Windows NT family OSs.

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Indirect mapping

Indirect mapping is very similar to direct mapping, here is an example:

The --mem option indicates indirect mappin

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